How is a 'silent auction' typically conducted?

A silent auction is typically conducted by allowing participants to write down their bids on a sheet of paper. This process occurs without verbal communication or the presence of an auctioneer, which differentiates it from traditional auctions. Participants usually have a specified amount of time to place their bids secretly, often resulting in a more discreet bidding environment. This method encourages bidders to compete for items by enhancing the element of surprise, as no one knows who is bidding against them or how much they are willing to pay until the auction concludes.

In contrast, other methods mentioned in the question involve open bidding or online platforms exclusively, which do not represent the silent auction format. Additionally, setting a maximum limit per item is not a defining characteristic of a silent auction; the focus is on the bids being written down rather than verbalized.